Israeli
economics integrally dependent on Jordanian relations
Israel is facing mounting economic imbalances since the
eruption of the 19-month-old Palestinian Intifada.
by Ghassan Joha, Star Staff Writer
JORDAN
(Star) - Israel is facing mounting economic imbalances since the eruption
of the 19-month-old Palestinian Intifada. Political and economic analysts are
in agreement that Prime Minister Ariel Sharon's reckless and seemingly endless
assaults on the Palestinian people are slowly but surely ruining the Israeli economy.
Israel, a country where 75 percent of its GDP is supported
by foreign financial aid from the US and Europe, has never experienced such a
tumultuous economic circumstance since the establishment of the Jewish state 54
years ago.
Israel's losses incurred during the Palestinian Intifada are
now nearing the $15 billion mark, some 65 percent of the projected $24 billion
GDP for 2002.
But Israelis are no longer blaming Palestinians for their plight.
A marked shift in opinion puts the blame decisively on Mr Sharon. As the prime
minister continues sending tanks and soldiers into more Palestinian areas his
own people are feeling the repercussions.
"Sharon's government has no interest in economics," explained
Dr Mohammed Saqer, professor of economics at the University of Jordan. "The Israeli
leadership continues to ignore the reality: Its economy is going down the toilet."
Statistics recently released reveal tremendous negative economic
growth in Israel. Public polls are exposing increasing opposition amongst Israeli
citizens to Sharon's military incursions in the West Bank and Gaza that are costing
Israel $2.5 million per day.
Saqer suggests the Israeli government has continued to increase
military spending on its elusive goal of "security" at the expense of other vital
economic sectors. "There are more than 200 Jewish settlements in the West Bank
and Gaza. Each of these settlements costs Israel more than $5 million a month
for their security," Saqer explained. "We are talking here about billions of dollars
spent on useless facilities."
Israel's currency, the shekel, is losing ground in world markets.
Thus far the currency has lost 11 percent of its value against the US dollar in
April alone. Currently a US dollar equals five Israeli shekels.
These depressing economic realities are forcing Israeli investors
and businessmen to set their sights beyond their borders toward the better business
conditions in neighboring nations in the Middle East. Besides Turkey-where Israeli
investments earn billions of dollars each year-the Israelis have a great interest
in Jordan.
More lenient trade regulations, at times specifically advantageous
trade relations, cheap labor, and generally lower overall business costs are primary
motivators for Israeli businessmen to set up shop in the Arab world. One such
motivator was the 1996 agreement to establish Qualified Industrial Zones or QIZs
in Jordan. Local economists view the agreement as a benchmark for the Jordanian
economy with Jordan, the US and Israel all party to the arrangements.
Although Israel enjoys no diplomatic relations with other Arab
countries, Israeli sources indicate the trade volume between Israel and the Arab
world increased last year to more than $180 million. It is expected to increase
an additional 5 percent in 2002.
"Economic relations between the Arab world and Israel has lessened
recently as a result of the Palestinian Intifada. But some Arab countries continue
to keep the door open for Israeli businessmen," said Saqer.
Economists explain favorable trade laws and a generally productive
business environment in the QIZs make the Middle East a viable sourcing alternative
to the Far East, Mexico and other regions. Israel's trade laws, business regulations
and high labor costs result in significant reductions in final profit when compared
to similar endeavors in the Arab world's QIZs.
In Jordan cheap labor is only one incentive for Israeli investment.
Competitive rates for rent, low electricity, and generally lower operating expenses
combined with the income tax exemptions offered by Jordanian QIZs make investing
in Jordan very attractive.
A significant number of Jordanian businessmen are involved
in joint ventures with Israeli counterparts despite the tense political climate
such endeavors now operate in. The annual trade volume between the two countries
has grown steadily to some $77 million. Economists believe the launching of the
US-Jordan Free Trade Agreement late last year will result in continued expansion
of Israeli-Jordanian economic relations for some time.
QIZs were a unilateral action by the US designed to encourage
Jordanian exports to US market without the additional burden of tariffs. The duty-free
and quota-free exports from QIZs have enticed both foreign and domestic manufacturers
to the zones.
Jordanian exports from QIZs are qualified by their content.
Each product must represent a minimum 35 percent of the appraised value, with
11.7 percent of content originating in Jordan and eight percent originating from
Israel. The requirement on the percentage of Israeli content is valid for a five-year
period, beginning in February 1999.
Saqer believes recent Arab street protests are sending a clear
message: "The Israelis know full well they are no longer welcome in the region
due to their government's atrocities. If a change isn't seen in Israeli policies
with regard to the Occupied Territories and Palestinian statehood it most assuredly
will be seen in Arab ones."
May 04, 2002
Sources :
The Star |